An octogenarian head of state has
passed away, a former leader of a major economy who has divided
opinion the world over, loved and hated, who instigated sweeping
reforms and polarised a nation. Judging from recent headlines most
people would expect the above to have been written about Nelson
Mandela but in fact it was announced today that Margaret Thatcher has
died of a stroke aged 87.
Divisive is the polite word the left
leaning press and bloggers will use to describe Thatcher in an
attempt to not speak ill of the dead. She was a leader who divided
public opinion every step of the way. In recent years her request to
have a state funeral became another contentious issue as the nation
was once again divided over their opinion of Margaret Thatcher*.
Throughout her life she sought conflict over consensus and drove deep
permanent divides into the national psyche.
Right that’s the polite divisive bit
out of the way…
Margaret Thatcher eviscerated this
country’s manufacturing industry out of ideological zeal and a
religious devotion to the free market. The resulting economy fallout
devastated small towns that depended on manufacturing industry or
coal mining. Some of these areas took years to recover (Liverpool’s
dock yards is a good example) and some will never recover from their
slide into urban decay after being forgotten about by successive
generations of political leaders.
She passed laws deliberately designed
to curtail the political power of her opponents, namely the trade
union movement. Today’s trade unions are a shadow of their former
selves and lack the influence not only to improve conditions but even
to protect the rights workers already have which are bring eroded. In
the 1980s she was content with making three million people who were
unlikely to vote for her unemployed, something which would have been
considered an economic disaster by previous Tory or Labour
governments.
Thatcher expounded the idea that we
would be better off if we all looked ourselves and the degree to
which this idea has been taken on by the population is one of the
reason we remain such a deeply divided and unequal society. Her
government behaved appallingly to Ireland, attempted to levy taxes
which fell disproportionately on the poor and passed laws forbidden
teachers from telling students that homosexuality is natural. The
swing away from manufacturing and towards financial industries lead
and the aggressively corporate culture her policies encouraged lead
to the financial crash and the banking crisis.
Thatcher’s greatest accomplishment
(apart from becoming a one word political exclamation, an hour she
shares with Tony Blair) is how she fundamentally changed British
politics. Her emphasis of the free market over the state is now a
universally accepted political truth. Thatcher successfully dragged
the entire political spectrum to right, at least on economic issues,
and her influence has been felt as profoundly on the Labour party as
the Tories.
Labour leaders from the 1980s to today
have accepted Thatcherite principals to a degree. In his statement
following her death, Tony Blair commented that “some of the changes
she made in Britain were, in certain respects at least, retained by
the 1997 Labour Government” (full statement can be found here).
The current Labour leader Ed Miliband summed her legacy up most
effectively by writing “she will be remembered as a unique figure.
She reshaped the politics of a whole generation” (same source as
above). I find it hard to imagine Tory party leaders speaking so
highly of recently departed icons of the left. In fact when I think
of the death of Labour party leaders from the 1980s and how the right
responded I think of this disgusting Daily Mail piece.
Thatcher won three electoral victories
and led the country for 12 years. In that time she permanently
redefined the political and economic landscape the Great Britain. By
the time she was ousted by her own party in November 1990, the trade
unions had been diminished, manufacturing industry was one the way
out, financial services and tertiary industries were on the rise,
nationalised industries were privatised and Nash’s enlightened
self-interest was the prevailing view in both the private and public
sector. In short the Britain of the early 1990s was entirely changed
from that of 1979 and no one person has had such a singular impact on
the country as Margaret Thatcher has.
Describing Thatcher as divisive is more
than just a polite way to say that she is very unpopular in certain
circles (or parts of the country) and that a lot people strongly
disagree with her values and policies. Someone’s opinion on
Thatcher cuts to the heart of where you stand in British politics. We
have seen leftist leaders saying that they disagreed with her but
respect who she was, which some would argue reflects how centrist the
leftwing establishment has become in the post-Thatcher years. Her
biggest champions are the leaders of the economic right; her biggest
critics are the darlings of the old left (Ken Livingston described
her as clinically insane in an interview with the New Statesmen
magazine before 2012 London Mayoral elections).
Personally I feel her views on the
merits of self-interest, especially the infamous ‘no such thing as
society’ comment, are the most despicable of political opinions. I
cannot disagree enough with this view and feel that society has been
made a colder, darker and less compassionate place by the ruthless
pursuit of money which her polices endorsed. It is because of the
values she inspired that it is always acceptable to disregard human
well-being when doing business. The worst excesses of private
business from the banking crisis to third world sweat shops are
legitimised by governments who refuse to involve themselves in market
and by individuals who argue for enlightened self-interest. All of
which Thatcher was an icon for.
I began by saying Thatcher was
divisive, as is anything written about her. Most people’s response
to this article will have already been determined before they started
reading as their opinion on Thatcher is fixed deep within their
political ideology. At the time of her death, we remain a deeply
divided nation. Divided by class, region, wealth and how we response
to the death of someone who will continue to cast a very long shadow
over British politics.
*Contrary to her request she is
receiving a ceremonial funeral with military honours, the level below
a state funeral)